2023 Review and 2024 Outlook

It was an excellent year for most equity indexes. In 2023, the S&P 500 Index returned 26.29% and finished near an all-time high. The strong returns were powered by a US economy that was able to avoid a recession. Lower inflation contributed to the strong market...

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Introduction to 529 Plans

A 529 plan is a tax-advantaged savings plan designed to help individuals and families save for education expenses. These plans are named after Section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code, which governs their tax treatment. 529 plans are typically sponsored by states or...

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2023 First Half Review and Outlook

The S&P 500 continued to rally in the second quarter, led by technology and artificial intelligence stocks, gaining 8.74% and finishing the first half of the year up 16.89%. The strong returns were driven by a reduction in inflation; allowing the Federal Reserve...

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2022 Review and 2023 Outlook

The S&P 500 Index did rally in the fourth quarter gaining 7.56% but still finished the year down 18.11%. The last year with a negative return for the S&P 500 was 2018 (down 4.38%). The last year with a double-digit negative return was 2008 (down 37.0%)....

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2022 Third Quarter Review and Outlook

The S&P 500 finished the third quarter down 4.88% and down 23.87% for the year. The decline in stock prices is primarily due to a compression of stock price earnings multiples due to rising interest rates.  The Federal Reserve has raised the federal funds rate to...

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2022 First Half Review and Outlook

Through the first half of the year the S&P 500 has returned -19.96%. The financial markets are expecting the Federal Reserve to continue to raise interest rates to drive down inflation and cause a recession. The increase in interest rates have driven down bond...

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